Easy Essay Topics For the SAT

Easy Essay Topics For the SATSo, which essay topics are the easiest to write for the SAT? It all depends on what you are studying and where you are sitting for your exam.It is a given fact that some of the easy essay topics are easy to write for the SAT. That is because they are the topics where there is no thinking involved. If you can use your vocabulary words or concepts and apply them to a real-life situation, it's easy to write for the SAT.If you've ever seen an interview of a famous person or know someone who has recently gotten an interview, then you probably recognize the term 'idea person.' These people are the hardest to write for the SAT because they don't have the material before them. And, the SAT is designed to test the ability to think logically and give multiple answers when presented with a problem. An idea person is not interested in that because they won't have the answer to the question.The easiest essay topics for the SAT are usually ones where there is a real-li fe scenario that one can apply the information from. An example would be a topic from a chapter or a thesis that uses a real-life situation or a real-life example. Because of this, many students find that a topic like that is easier to write for the SAT than if they are just writing an essay for the sake of being able to pass their exam.Another option for the easiest essay topics for the SAT is ones that involve words and phrases and problems. If you're having trouble writing the parts of your essays that cover an abstract concept, that could be the easiest topic to work with. This is because when you have an idea, it's hard to not forget what you wrote. Sometimes it's easier to reread the parts of an essay that involve the ideas that you are going over rather than try to figure out how you will write the rest of the essay.Another option for the easiest essay topics for the SAT is one that asks the student to write about something that happened to them personally. Asking the student to talk about an incident that happened to them personally can be easy because you can ask them what the event was like and why they think it would be relevant to the essay topic. A good example of this would be asking the student to write about a situation where they were in an elevator and was stuck because of some of the personal effects that were in the elevator. You could also ask the student to write about how the students became friends and began going out more.A good resource for finding the easiest essay topics for the SAT is to look online. Most colleges will allow you to type in essay topics and a topic from the SAT, and you'll get a list of topics to choose from. You may be surprised by how many different topics as there are that can be used for the SAT!

How To Use Suffixes in Spanish

One sure-fire way to boost your Spanish vocabulary is to take the words you already know and learn how to apply suffixes to them. What Are Suffixes? Suffixes are simply word endings that can be used to modify a words meaning. We use suffixes  in English all the time, and nearly all of them that we use in English have a Spanish equivalent. But Spanish has an even wider variety, and their usage isnt always as obvious as it would be in English. Take a common word like manteca, for example. Thats the word for lard, a much-used cooking ingredient in some Spanish-speaking countries. Add the ending -illa, a common ending, and it becomes mantequilla, or butter. Add the ending -ero, and it becomes mantequero, which can mean either a dairyman or a butter dish. Add the ending -ada, and it becomes mantecada, or buttered toast. Add -ado, and it becomes mantecado, or french ice cream. Unfortunately, it isnt always possible to figure out what a word means simply by knowing the root word and the suffixes. But the suffixes may give enough clues that in context you can make an educated guess. For the Spanish student, suffixes can roughly be classified as diminutives, augmentatives, pejoratives, English cognates, and miscellaneous. And one, the adverbial suffix, is in a class of its own. The Adverbial Suffix Probably the most common Spanish suffix is -mente, which is usually added to the feminine singular form of adjectives to turn them into adverbs, just as we add -ly in English. Thus simplemente is simply, carià ±osamente is lovingly, rà ¡pidamente is quickly, and so on. Diminutives These suffixes are extremely common and are used to make a word refer to something smaller, either literally or figuratively as in a form of endearment. Thus, un gato is a cat, but un gatito is a kitten. In English we sometimes do the same thing by adding -y. The most common diminutive is -ito (or its feminine equivalent, -ita), sometimes expanded to -cito or, less commonly, -illo or even -zuelo. You can add one of these endings to many nouns and adjectives to arrive at a diminutive form. Examples: perrito (doggy)hermanito (little brother)papelito (slip of paper) Augmentatives Augmentatives are the opposite of diminutives and arent used as much. Augmentative endings include -ote, -ota, -à ³n, -ona, -azo, and -aza. For examples, un arbolote is a large tree, and un hombrà ³n is a big or tough dude. Just as the diminutives sometimes are used to denote an endearing quality, the augmentatives can be used to convey a negative connotation. Whereas un perrito may be a cute puppy, un perrazo could be a big scary dog. One augmentative, -à ­simo, and its feminine and plural forms are used with adjectives to form a superlative. Bill Gates isnt just rich, hes riquà ­simo. Pejoratives Pejoratives are added to words to indicate contempt or some form of undesirability. They include -aco, -aca, -acho, -acha, -ajo, -aja, -ote, -ota, -ucho, and -ucha. The precise translation often depends on the context. Examples include casucha, a house thats falling apart, and ricacho, referring to a person who is rich in some undesirable way, such as arrogant. English Cognates These suffixes are ones that are similar to suffixes in English and have a similar meaning. Nearly all of them have come to both languages by way of Greek or Latin. Most have an abstract meaning, or are used to change one part of speech into another. Here are some of the more commonly used cognates along with an example of each: -aje — -age — kilometraje (like mileage, but in kilometers)-ancia — -ancy — discrepancia (discrepancy)-arquà ­a — -archy — monarquà ­a (monarchy)-à ¡tico — -atic — lunà ¡tico (lunatic)-ble — -ble — manejable (manageable)-cida, cidio — -cide — insecticida (insecticide)-cià ³n — -tion — agravacià ³n (aggravation)-cracia — -cracy — democracia (democracy)-crata — -crat — burà ³crata (bureaucrat)-dad — -ity — pomposidad (pomposity)-esa, -iz, -isa — -ess — actriz (actress)-fico, -fica — -fic — horrà ­fico (horrific)-filo, -filia — -file — biblià ³filo (bibliophile)-fobia — -phobia — claustrofobia (claustrophobia)-fono — -phone — telà ©fono (telephone)-icio, -icia — -ice — avaricia (avarice)-ificar — -ify — dignificar (to dignify)-ismo — -i sm — budismo (Buddhism)-dad — -ity — pomposidad (pomposity)-ista — -ist — dentista (dentist)-itis — -itis — flebitis (phlebitis)-izo — -ish — rojizo (reddish)-or, -ora — -er — pintor (painter)-osa, -oso — -ous — maravilloso (marvelous)-tud — -tude — latitud (latitude) Miscellaneous Suffixes Finally, there are suffixes that dont have a clear English equivalent. Here are some of the common ones along with an explanation of their meanings and an example of each: -ada — similar to English suffix -ful or -load — cucharada, spoonful (from cuchara, spoon)-ado, -ido — can indicate similarity to root word — dolorido, painful-al — indicates a tree or grove — manzanal, apple tree-anza — makes noun forms of some verbs — enseà ±anza, education-ario — indicates profession or place — bibliotecario, librarian-azo — a blow of the object of the root word — estacazo, a hit with a stick (from estaca, stake)-dero — indicates instrument, means, or capacity — lavandero, laundry (from lavar, to clean)-dor, -dora — indicates agent, machine or place; sometimes similar to -er — jugador, player; comedor, diner; calculadora, calculator-dura — indicates the effect of an action — picadura, puncture (from picar, to pick)-ear — common verb ending, often used with coined words — emailear, to email-ense — indicates place of ori gin — estadounidense, of or from the United States, American-erà ­a — place where items are made or sold — zapaterà ­a, shoe store-ero — variety of meanings relating to root word — sombrero, hat (from sombra, shade); vaquero, cowboy (from vaca, cow)-à ©s —indicates place of origin — holandà ©s, Dutch-eza — makes abstract nouns from adjectives — pureza, purity

Criminal Justice Trends Evnaluatio - 1253 Words

Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation 1 Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation December 10, 2012 CJA/394 Troy Hokanson Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation 2 Introduction The criminal justice system is very important to American society. The reason for laws are to defend society from harm, make certain each person is safe as well as to be treated fairly. The criminal justice system labors to defend the guiltless and to discipline the guilty without putting at risk an individual’s rights.This paper will evaluate the future of the†¦show more content†¦Although, criminals may benefit from technology by using it for criminal gain; law enforcement also benefit from the latest technology. DNA is a technology Criminal Justice Trends and Evaluation 4 that has developed a major impact on the viewpoint of the criminal justice system. With DNA samples of an individual’s fingerprint’s can be lifted from a crime scene. The breakthrough of DNA allows a person to be recognized through body fluid, hair, and fingerprint samples to be able to solve a crime (Smith, 2004). DNA samples identify suspects but one of the more positive aspects of DNA is proving a person innocent when he or she has been falsely imprisoned. Contemporary issues are problems that have faced the criminal justice system. Contemporary Issues There are many contemporary issues facing the criminal justice system and impact has caused problems such as with sentencing, courts, and corrections. The overcrowding of prisons and longer prison sentences are directly related to the â€Å"Three Strikes and You’re Out† laws (Muraskin amp; Roberts, 2009). As is the lack of rehabilitation and reentry training. There are barriers that individuals must face when leaving prison and reentering the general public. These barriers include social, psychological, and legal barriers (Muraskin amp; Roberts, 2009). To completely understand

Mother Tongue Essay - 795 Words

There are many bilingual and multicultural people in the world today. For many, the choices of which language they use, and how they use it, correspond to what social or cultural community they belong to. Amy Tan, a Chinese American novelist, portrays this well in her short essay Mother Tongue. Tan grew up in two vastly different worlds, using different Englishes. The first world, which consists of her close family, she speaks what we may call broken or limited English. The second world, which is her business and professional world, Tan speaks and writes perfect standard and academic English. Having to shuttle between these two communities with very different languages has had many different positive and negative effects on†¦show more content†¦She realized that her mother tongue has become their language of intimacy, a different sort of English that relates to family talk,...(Tan 61) Her mother tongue is the English she uses while she is in her first world, her private world, which is a completely different cultural community. As Tan was growing up, the speech she used in her family environment affected her results on various tests at school. Many other Asian Americans had this similar problem, and had teachers who are steering them away from writing and into math and science, which is what happened to me(Tan).(Tan 64) This is because Math has only one correct answer, whereas English was a matter of opinion and personal experience.(Tan 63) As a result of this, Tan drove herself to disprove others assumptions and became an English major. She wrote in a way to prove her mastery over the English language. An example she gives is this line, edited from the final version of her book, That was my mental quandary in its nascent state.(Tan 65) This is the type of language she uses in her professional life. Her words are filled with carefully wrought grammatical phrases...all the forms of standard English that (she) had learned in school and through books.(Tan 61) Without realizing it at first, Tan widened the gap between her professional community and her private familyShow MoreRelatedMother Tongue1199 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis of â€Å"Mother Tongue† written by Amy Tan â€Å"So easy to read†(p.4). Amy Tan ends her essay, â€Å"Mother Tongue† with this short and even grammatically wrong sentence. She tells us this mother’s brief review is a proof of success of her writing. Why does she think that easiness is an essence of her writing? She suggests answers to this question by her essay. In her essay, Amy Tan effectively convinces her readers that â€Å"broken English† is not an inferior language, but justRead MoreMother Tongue767 Words   |  4 PagesMother Tongue, by Amy Tan Comprehension 1. What Tan is classifying in this essay is the different kinds of English she uses. 2. Tan identify the different categories she discusses in â€Å"Mother Tongue† almost in the last paragraph, where she named all the kind of English she uses. 3. Tan does illustrate each category she identifies 4. Some specific situations where Tan says her mother’s â€Å"limited English† was a handicap is when her mother could not be able to talk directly with peopleRead MoreMother Tongue Essay644 Words   |  3 Pagesin her story, â€Å"Mother Tongue†. Tan uses pathos to portray to her audience how through her experiences with her mother and the Chinese language she came to realize who she wanted to be and how she wanted to write. In â€Å"Mother Tongue†, Tan discusses the many ways in which the language that she was taught affected her life. Throughout the story, she describes her relationship with her mother, who speaks â€Å"broken† English, and how her perception of language has changed due to her mother. Whenever TanRead MoreMother Tongue By Amy Tan1553 Words   |  7 Pages(Date) â€Å"Mother Tongue† Response Essay In the essay â€Å"Mother Tongue,† Amy Tan emphasizes the idea that the language we are taught in childhood plays an important role in our lives. She writes about the profound effect language has on her life and how she is inspired by her mother’s â€Å"impeccable broken English† to become a writer (317). Tan describes her mother as an educated person who can read sophisticated and technical literature written in English with ease. However, Tan’s mother is oftenRead MoreMother Tongue, by Amy Tan819 Words   |  4 Pagesas â€Å"broken† and â€Å"fractured†, Amy Tan’s love for language allowed her to embrace the variations of English that surrounded her. In her short essay â€Å"Mother Tongue†, Tan discusses the internal conflict she had with the English learned from her mother to that of the English in her education. Sharing her experiences as an adolescent posing to be her mother for respect, Tan develops a frustration at the difficulty of not being taken seriously due to one’s inability to speak the way society expects. DisallowingRead MoreMother Tongue By Amy Tan1306 Words   |  6 Pages Mother Tongue is a story that describes how Amy Tan’s mother was treated unfairly because of her â€Å"broken English†. As the second generation of Chinese immigrants, Tan faces more problems than her peers do. H er mom, who speaks â€Å"limited† English, needs Tan to be her â€Å"translator† in order to communicate with the native English speakers. Tan has felt ashamed of her mother â€Å"broken† language at first. She then contemplates her background affected her life and her study. However, she changes her thoughtRead MoreMother Tongue By Amy Tan883 Words   |  4 PagesIn Amy Tan’s essay â€Å"Mother Tongue,† it is obvious that language plays an enormous role in our life. Language can influence and give us an insight into another culture different from our own. Amy Tan discusses the many ways in which the language she was taught and native to was important and powerful throughout her life. Language can be defined in various forms, but I hold and acknowledge Amy Tan’s explanation: â€Å"Language can evoke an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth.† I canRead MoreMother Tongue By Demetria Martinez1448 Words   |  6 Pa gesAs the words of our founding fathers, life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness is the American dream that many pursue, whether immigrated to the United States or born here. Within Demetria Martinez’s book, Mother Tongue, a novel, the character named Jose Luis flees from El Salvador to the United States in order to escape it’s brutal civil war. His choice to flee El Salvador and enter the United States under a false name places him in a difficult situation, both in his moral abandonment of hisRead MoreMother Tongue By Amy Tan1375 Words   |  6 PagesTan, Mother Tongue Language is what allows humans to be creative. Creative in the way we express ourselves, creative in the way we put our ideas forward, creative in the way we correspond with each other and in the way we can touch each other’s lives. It is truly a gift that the other species of our world do not possess, at least not to the extent that humans do! Amy Tan is an American writer and her works probe the Chinese-American experience, especially the relationship between a mother andRead MoreMother Tongue By Amy Tan967 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"Mother Tongue†, Amy Tan describes the several different kinds of English her that she speaks. It is an interesting concept to think about the fact that more than one variation of a single language exist. After reading â€Å"Mother Tongue† I began looking at my own life and seeing if I could recognize the different variation of English that I have come in contact with. After some serious thought, I realized that I have not only come into contact with many different kinds of English, but I speak many

Essay about Joseph Conrads The Women of Heart of Darkness

Joseph Conrads The Women of Heart of Darkness The novella Heart of Darkness illustrates readers with three different types of depictions that men had of women during the late 1800’s; also known as the imperialistic era. These depictions were as follows; the naive woman, the mistress, and the wealthy widow. The naà ¯ve woman was personified by Kurtz intended. The mistress was personified by the native African woman. The wealthy widow is personified by Marlow’s aunt. This assumption can be made on various levels. The most obvious level is how Joseph Conrad never gave these characters names. Also when they are mentioned it is very brief. Kurtz’s intended is the naà ¯ve character. She is alone and waiting for Kurtz for as long†¦show more content†¦The small part that she has in this novella she manages to sound like a naà ¯ve woman. The second character that we are introduced to is Kurtz’s African mistress. The mistress is a beautiful woman who seems to evoke some sort of control over the men. Whenever she is mentioned the men just stand there as if in awe. She never speaks in the novella. During the late 1800’s it was acceptable for men to have mistress’, I believe that is what Conrad tried to show. That’s why Kurtz’s intended never questioned why he was taking so long. She probably knew he had a mistress and couldn’t really say anything against it. The mistress managed to gain some type of control over Kurtz, and that is why he hadn’t left yet. Even Marlow was in awe when he saw the beautiful native woman with jewelry on. Perhaps she was a wealthy woman, and that’s why the people respected her. The last female character that I will examine is Marlow’s aunt. She is perhaps a wealthy widow, who also has nothing better to do with her money. She believes strongly on the topic of imperialism. She thinks that it helps people progress. She was the one who got Marlow this opportunity. Marlow’s aunt is the combination of both characters. She was naà ¯ve and controlling at the same time. Conrad probably used this character to show readers how older women were in the past. Its amazing to see how men stereotyped women in the past it hasn’tShow MoreRelatedThe Significant Role of Women in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness1986 Words   |  8 PagesIn the 1900s novella Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, the protagonist often encounters women at landmarks of his life. Charlie Marlow is a sailor and imperialist who sets out along the Congo River to â€Å"civilize† the â€Å"savages.† The novella begins with a crew on the Thames waiting for the tides to change. During their wait, a character named Marlow tells of his exploits on the African continent. In his recounted travels, Marlow meets other imperialists such as Mr. Kurtz, a man who is obsessed withRead More The Portrayal of Women in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay1201 Words   |  5 PagesWomen have gained equality with men over the many centuries of the evolution of the modern western civilization. Hence, it cannot be overlooked that there still exist many literary exam ples of social disregard for woman potential. Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness exemplifies the Western patriarchal gender roles in which women are given the inferior status.p Not only are women portrayed as being inferior to men, but Marlows (the protagonists) seldom mentioning of them in his Congo adventureRead More The Role of Women in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesThe Role of Women in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Women have taken an increasingly important role in literature. Only recently have authors portrayed women in a dominant, protagonistic light. Sophocles and other classical writers portrayed women more as reactors than heroines. Since the ancient Greeks, however, a trend has been established that gives women characters much more substance and purpose. A definite shift from the antediluvian ways can be seen, and the overall complexityRead More Portrayal of Women in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay874 Words   |  4 PagesPortrayal of Women in Heart of Darkness      Ã‚  Ã‚   In his novel, Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad exposes the evil lurking in the soul of mankind; but this corruption is hidden from the innocent European women. Conrad?s novel depicts women simplistically in black and white ? without any confusing shades of gray. There are the innocent white European women who must -- for societys sake -- be misinformed, and the black African she-beast ? the antithesis to civilizations order.    Those exposedRead MoreEssay on Feminist Theory in Heart of Darkness1199 Words   |  5 PagesMonsters in Heart of Darkness Joseph Conrad’s varying depiction of women in his novel Heart of Darkness provides feminist literary theory with ample opportunity to explore the overlying societal dictation of women’s gender roles and expectations in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The majority of feminist theorists claim that Conrad perpetuates patriarchal ideology, yet there are a few that argue the novel is gendered feminine. Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar claim â€Å"Conrad’s Heart of Darkness†¦penetratesRead MoreGender Role In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesGender Role In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness For the most part people who read Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad may feel that the novella is strictly a story of exploration and racial discrimination. But to Johanna Smith who wrote â€Å"’Too Beautiful Altogether’: Ideologies of Gender and Empire in Heart of Darkness† it is much more than that. Johanna Smith along with Wallace Watson and Rita A. Bergenholtz agree that throughout Heart of Darkness there are tones of gender prejudice, but the wayRead More Misleading Interpretations of Conrads Heart of Darkness Essays1186 Words   |  5 PagesMisleading Interpretations of Conrads Heart of Darkness Chinua Achebe, a well-known writer, once gave a lecture at the University of Massachusetts about Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, entitled An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness. Throughout his essay, Achebe notes how Conrad used Africa as a background only, and how he set Africa up as a foil to Europe,(Achebe, p.251) while he also projects the image of Africa as the other world, the antithesis of Europe andRead More Use of Light and Darkness in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness 1504 Words   |  7 PagesUse of Light and Darkness in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness  Ã‚      Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness contrasts light and darkness, to represent the civilized and uncivilized sides of the world. Conrad uses light to represent the civilized side of humanity while contrasting the dark with the uncivilized and savage. Throughout the thematic stages of the novel, that is the Thames river London, the companys office in Belgium, the journey to the heart of darkness and the conclusion, light andRead More Light and Dark in Heart of Darkness Essay1180 Words   |  5 PagesLight and Dark in Heart of Darkness       The brightest of lights can obscure vision while darkness can contain truths: one must not be distracted by the sheen of light, which conceals the deeper reality present in darkness. Joseph Conrads novel Heart of Darkness illustrates this idea with the use of several symbols. White Europeans are used as symbols of self-deception, and objects with an alabaster quality are symbols of barriers to inner truth. Black is the foil of white; it representsRead More The Role of Kurtz’s Intended in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness1580 Words   |  7 PagesThe Role of Kurtz’s Intended in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness Very often in literature minor characters appear for only a short time in the story but carry a very heavy significance in the overall meaning of the book. Kurtz’s Intended, in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, is this kind of character. The unnamed woman only appears for a brief period at the end of the novel, but Conrad includes her for three very crucial reasons. He has Kurtz’s fiancà ©e appear to provide a justification for

Marketing Plan of Red Bull free essay sample

Red Bull counts to the category of soft drinks. It is a non alcoholic stimulation drink with a totally unique formulation and effect. It gives stimulation and revitalises the body after exertion and enhances mental and physical performance. Red Bull is to be used and not drunk. Red bull consists of two natural substances and important metabolic transmitters- the amino acid taurin and the glucuronolacton – with stimulating caffeine, vitamins and the energy provided by carbon hydrates. So when and how was Red Bull Ltd. launched? In the early 1970s, Dietrich Mateschitz, today’s managing partner of Red Bull Ltd.  got to know a so called energy drink in Asia, which Asian managers drank before meetings in order to be able to stay awake and concentrated. He brought this effective product to Austria , developed a marketing strategy and named the drink `Red Bull ?. In 1987 the product was introduced in Austria . After that it has been established in 20 countries- in Europe, Asia and the USA . Red Bull has been established world-wide successfully and has reached a market leader position. This report shall work out, how this relatively new product has been established so fast, and how Red Bull manages to stay in the position of the market leader. Analysing the target market, the marketing strategy and the positioning, this report as well shall have a look into potential future opportunities for the company. 1. Market Segmentation 1. 1 Introduction Red Bull is a non-alcoholic energy drink and therefore falls under the category of soft drinks. Soft drinks can be divided into sub-segments and one of these segments is energy and sports drinks. These can be divided again into three different categories: Glucose energy drinks Sport drinks High energy stimulation drinks Since 1996 the market of soft drinks has grown by 5% and by 1997 it reached a total amount of ? 6. 896bn, which is an equivalent of 10bn liters. Moreover we can say that the segment of energy and sports drinks represents 2. 6% or ? 177m of the overall soft drink market. Since 1992 an increase of 64% in volume sales can be found within this very young market of energy and sports drinks. The main differences of the three above mentioned sub-segments of soft drinks are as followed: 1. 2 Glucose Energy Drinks These drinks provide physical energy through glucose or a mixture of sugars. Originated from the Lucozade brand. These drinks do not contain any other substantial ingredients such as Lucozade Energy, Lucozade NRJ or Red Card. In 1927 they were originally positioned as a convalescence drink. 1. 3 Sports drinks Also known as isotonic drinks, replaces body fluids after sport activities or exercises. Sport drinks help to re-energize and re-hydrate the body and can be taken before, during or after exercises. That’s because you should drink it in great amounts and fairly quickly, they are usually still or low carbonated. Examples for this kind of drinks are Gatorade, Isostar and Dexters. 1. 4 High-energy Stimulation Drinks These drinks have ingredients such as caffeine and taurin, which help to increase concentration, endurance, alertness and reactions. This kind of drink is not only designed for sports men, it can be used nearly from everyone who wants to get stimulate and energize mind and body. Red Bull, Flying Horse and Virgin Hi Energy belong to the category of high-energy stimulation drinks. 2. The Target Market 2. 1 Introduction Red Bull, who is originally from Austria where it is still produced, distributed their energy drink in over twenty countries. Countries like USA , New Zealand , South Africa , Eastern and Western Europe . So it would be not very useful to restrict the target market to the geographic areas as well as the psychographic segmentation for the targeted consumer that’s because for a product like Red Bull it would be far to narrow as it cuts across lifestyles, demographics and socio-economic boundaries. So the best solution would be to set the target market as a behavioural segmentation. The reason for that decision is because in a behavioural segmentation the individual’s relationship with the product and the use and benefit sought from the product. Red Bull is not just an energy drink it is primarily a utility drink to be taken against mental or physical weariness or exhaustion. It’s use helps to increase endurance and heighten alertness as well as reactions and generally spoken the use of Red Bull helps to cope with the challenges of every day life, which includes work, leisure and sports. Three main stereotyped uses can be identified. 2. 2 The Athlete It is usually a person who takes his sport very serious, what means he wants to get the best out of his body. Therefore you can say that Red Bull is part of his diet and sport life. So in this case Red Bull is for him a very good and easy way to improve his endurance or speed. 2. 3 The Worker This could be anyone who has to work hard such as a manager or a street worker. Anyone who wants to get pushed up and would rather like to have a Red Bull than a coffee. 2. 4 The Clubber This category is fairly new, in recent years the people found out that Red Bull can be used as a very good mixer with alcohol. Red Bull sells now 34% of its units on premise. It is almost impossible to find the right target group, the reason for that is because of the various applications of Red Bull. Hence a clear cut categorization in age groups and socio-economics groupings is not feasible. But what we can be shore of is that the typical Red Bull drinker is dynamic and active, the gender does not play any role at all. But it is more likely that more less younger people who really like to go out fall for Red Bull. Research (PHT, 11/97 Smith Kline Beecham Energy Sports Drinks Report) has shown that 53% of the people who drink energy/ sports drinks are within the age between 14-34 years. Moreover they found out that the main reason for purchasing energy/sports drinks were to quench thirst (37%) and give boost. 3. The Macroenvironment 3. 1 Political and Legal Aspects Red Bull was introduced into the market as a new non-alcoholic drink with a new concept, namely energy drink. At first the Health Organisation was suspicious that Red Bull could be a starter drug. Their scepticism even increased after rumours that Red Bull contains ingredients like bull’s galls. However, the fact that Red Bull has been used in Australia for 9 years and in Asia even for 30 years without any complaints led to increased confidence. Furthermore a study carried out by an independent institute (ISME) in 1998 proved that Red Bull has stimulating effects like caffeine, but does not lead to addiction. Nevertheless Red Bull still needs to be approved by each country where it shall be sold, which is a very time consuming and therefore expensive. 3. 2 Economical Aspects Red Bull faces little exposure to economic cycles as it is a special drink, serving a niche market. Their target market are sportsmen/women as well as hard working people, who need a â€Å"push up†. There are few substitutes and through their well positioned advertisements their sales are increasing. 3. 3 Socio-Cultural Aspects Unlike the 1980’s, where nobody wanted to try it, people are now much more open for new experiences, as their lifestyles are changing and getting more and more influenced by ethnical groups. Furthermore they are confident to try it, because any health concerns were cleared by organisations like the ISME. The consumers are male and females regardless of age, who are very sporty or work very hard. At the moment Red Bull has a very trendy image and gets sold in a lot of bars and clubs, where it is often mixed with Vodka. 3. 4 Technological Aspects Red Bull gets exclusively produced in Austria from where it is exported to 28 countries. There are two reasons why it does not get produced in any other country. First it guaranties consistency in taste. The Fanta sold in Braziltastes for examples slightly different from the one sold in Europe , in order to meet domestic preferences. Red Bull wants to ensure that it tastes the same all over the world. Secondly in that way the recipe will be kept safely in one place. Red Bull is normally produced in 250ml cans, but glass bottles are an alternative in the case that they run out of  cans -which has happened before. The Competitors All of them contain the same ingredients: Guarana (extracted from a rare Brazilian plant; an energy spender), Ginseng (known to relieve stress), Taurine (an aid in increasing muscle mass, energy and speed up the combustion of fat) Vitamins and Caffeine (serves as accelerator to increase the effects of taurin). And most of them are sold in 250ml bottles or cans. All of them are marketed as energy spending and as very suitable mixer with alcohol. Anyway, in the UK there has only been a very moderate development in the energy drink market. Although, all of the above are prepared to penetrate the market very soon, there are only very few serious competitors of Red Bull in the UK . So far the serious direct competitors of Red Bull in the UK are the following: The can is made of recyclable aluminium and therefore environmentally friendly. Glass bottles can also be recycled and therefore do not harm the environment either. This might give the company a competitive advantage when regulations become stricter and more equal throughout Europe as well as in the rest of the world. 5. The Brand Positioning Red Bull represents a new category of drinks, the energy drinks. In this new market sector Red Bull is perceived as a premium\high margin brand product. Pricewise Red Bull is in position in which it can command a premium price because there simply nothing to compare it with. It is a unique functional drink, promising and delivering benefits that no other drink can offer. In the UK the average price of a Red Bull can is 1. 05 which is clearly above its competitors average price of 1. 03. The price expresses superiority of Red Bull and furtheron it proves that there is no substitute. The positioning policy of the company is : premium product, premium price and premium profitability.

Fluid Regulation in Weightless State free essay sample

Examines research studies space flight experiments measuring body fluid changes for scientific medical purposes. Fluid Regulation in a Microgravity Environment The extraterrestrial environment presents human beings with innumerable physiologic challenges. Astronauts engaged in space flight may experience alteration of their bodily fluids and electrolyte balance. Weightlessness generally causes a reduction in total fluid volume. In addition, there is typically a cephalad redistribution of the blood and other body fluids. This cephalad shift initiates a series of compensatory mechanisms, many of which involve hormonal fluctuations. Unfortunately, data collected from human subjects during actual space flight is rather scarce. This paucity has led to the use of various ground-based weightlessness simulations. Two important experimental techniques include the water immersion and bed rest methods. Unfortunately though, despite the considerable research..